The 32nd Ockham Lecture - ‘The Physics of Can and Can’t’

From the Universal Computer to the Universal Constructor

Given by Dr Chiara Marletto (2013), Junior Research Fellow at Wolfson College, Oxford, and Research Associate at the Department of Materials, University of Oxford.

The lecture was introduced by Professor Artur Ekert FRS.

Abstract

The theory of the universal quantum computer has brought us rapid technological developments, together with remarkable improvements in how we understand quantum theory. There are, however, reasons to believe that quantum theory may ultimately have to be modified into a new theory: for instance, it will have to be merged with general relativity, to incorporate gravity; and some claim that it may be impossible to have quantum effects beyond a certain macroscopic scale. So what lies ahead of quantum theory, and of the universal quantum computer? Can the Occam razor help solve these problems? To shed some light onto these questions, we need a shift of logic in the way things are explained. Specifically, one can adopt an approach where the basic assumptions are general principles about possible/impossible transformations, rather than dynamical laws and initial conditions. This approach is called constructor theory. I will describe its application to a handful of interconnected problems, within information theory, thermodynamics, and even quantum gravity. This ‘Physics of Can and Can’t’ may be the first step towards the ultimate generalisation of the universal quantum computer, which von Neumann called the ‘universal constructor’.

Watch the lecture

The Ockham Lecture Series

The Merton College Physics Lecture (the Ockham, or Occam, Lecture, so named in honour of one of the greatest—if unattested—alumni of the College and of his philosophical principle of intellectual discipline) started in 2009 and is held once a term. It is organised by the physics tutors of the College to promote both intellectual curiosity and social cohesion of the Merton Physics community.

Attendance is by invitation: All Merton physicists (and sympathisers!) belonging to the three Common Rooms (JCR, MCR and SCR) are invited, as are the Old Members. Their guests are also accommodated, space permitting.